What is congenital heart disease and what should you know?

Congenital heart disease is a condition where the heart does not develop normally before birth. It can affect the heart’s structure, valves, or major blood vessels.

In the UK, it affects around 1 in 100 babies. The severity varies widely, from mild conditions that need little monitoring to complex defects requiring surgery.

Common symptoms in babies include poor feeding, rapid breathing, and a blue tinge to the skin. In adults, symptoms may include fatigue, breathlessness, or palpitations.

Although the exact cause is often unknown, factors such as genetics, maternal health, and infections during pregnancy can increase risk.

With modern medical care, most people with congenital heart disease live long and active lives.

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