What is the Fontan procedure and how does it support heart function?

The Fontan procedure is a surgical treatment for children born with single ventricle heart defects.

Instead of restoring a normal heart structure, the surgery reroutes blood flow so that oxygen-poor blood travels directly to the lungs. This reduces the workload on the single functioning ventricle.

The procedure is usually performed between the ages of two and four as the final stage of a planned surgical pathway.

While it significantly improves oxygen levels and quality of life, it creates a different type of circulation that must be monitored carefully over time.

With ongoing care, many patients go on to live active lives.

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