What is Patent Ductus Arteriosus and how does it affect newborns?

 Patent Ductus Arteriosus is a common congenital heart condition where a blood vessel connecting the aorta and pulmonary artery remains open after birth.

This vessel plays an important role before birth but should close once the baby begins breathing independently. If it stays open, blood flows back into the lungs, increasing pressure and workload on the heart.

Symptoms depend on the size of the opening. Small PDAs may be harmless, while larger ones can cause breathing difficulties, feeding problems, and poor weight gain.

Treatment options include monitoring, medication in premature infants, and catheter-based procedures to close the vessel.

With early diagnosis and appropriate care, long-term outcomes are excellent.

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