What is Tetralogy of Fallot and how does it affect children?

Tetralogy of Fallot is a complex congenital heart condition made up of four structural defects that affect blood flow and oxygen delivery.

These defects include a hole in the heart, narrowing of the valve to the lungs, displacement of the main artery, and thickening of the heart muscle.

Children may present with a blue or grey skin tone, breathlessness, or feeding difficulties. Some experience sudden drops in oxygen levels.

Treatment usually involves surgery in infancy to correct the defects and improve circulation.

With modern medical care, most children achieve excellent outcomes, though lifelong monitoring is required.

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